The cognitive artifacts of designing . /
"In this dynamic review and synthesis of empirical research and theoretical discussion of design as cognitive activity, Willemien Visser reconciles and integrates the classical view of design, as conceptualized by Herbert Simon's symbolic information processing approach, with modern views...
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| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
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Mahwah, N.J. :
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers,
2006.
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | CONNECT CONNECT |
Table of Contents:
- Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Preface; PART I: INTRODUCTION; 1 Focus of This Book; 1.1. Elements for a Cognitive Descriptive Model of Design; 1.2. Empirical Basis; 1.3. Focus on the Early Stages of Design; 1.4. Individual and Collective Design; 1.5. Cognition and Emotion; 2 Public Addressed; 3 Some Historical Pointers; 4 Preliminary Terminological Issues; 4.1. Definitions in the Domain of Problem Solving; Designing and Problem Solving; A ""Problem"" is not a ""Difficulty"" or a ""Deficiency
- A ""Problem"" in Cognitive Psychology: One's Representation of a TaskThe Double Status of ""Problem"" and ""Solution; Problem ""Difficulty"": A Question of ""Cognitive Cost; Processes, Operations, and Activities. Stages, Phases, and Steps; Problem Solving"": A Global Process Versus a Particular Stage; Newell and Simon's Symbolic Information Processing (SIP) Approach; 4.2. Definitions in the Domain of Data Collection; Data Collection in the Psychological Laboratory Versus in Designers' Normal Work Situation; Explorational Studies; Observational Studies; Verbalization Versus Introspection
- Task Versus ActivityInterviews; 5 Models of Design; 5.1. Prescriptive and Descriptive Models; Prescriptive Models; Descriptive Models; 5.2. Stage Models and Process Models; Stage Models; Process Models; 5.3. Confronting These Different Models; Observance of the ASE Paradigm; Observance of the Waterfall Model; 6 Our Empirical Design Studies at a Glance; PART II: THE CLASSICAL VIEW ON DESIGN. THE SYMBOLIC INFORMATION PROCESSING (SIP) APPROACH; 7 Herbert A. Simon; 8 Simon's Framework for Design:The Sciences of the Artificial; 8.1. Simon's Elaboration of an SIP Design Theory
- Simon's Analytical Approach to DesignReception of Simon's Design Framework; 8.2. Simon's Definition of Design; 8.3. Design as a Type of Cognitive Activity Rather Than a Professional Status; 8.4. Design as Satisficing; 8.5. Design as a Regular Problem-Solving Activity: Simon's ""Nothing Special"" Position; 8.6. Design Problems: ""Ill-Structured"" Problems?; 8.7. Solving Ill-Structured Problems in Two Consecutive Stages: First Structuring and Then Solving; 9 Discussion of the Symbolic Information Processing Approach to Design
- 9.1. Misrepresentations of Design by the Classical Symbolic Information Processing ApproachUnderestimating the Specificity of Ill-Defined Problems and Their Solving; Underestimating the Role of Problem-Representation Construction; Underestimating the Role of Nondeterministic Leaps. Overestimating the Role of Recognition; Overestimating the Role of Systematic Problem Decomposition; Overestimating the Role of Search; Overestimating the Role of Means-Ends Analysis; 9.2. Simon's More Nuanced Positions in Later Work; Scientific Discovery and ""Inventive"" Design
