John Philip Sousa
![Sousa in November 1922<!--photo from the National Photo Company collection at the [[Library of Congress]]-->](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/John_Phillip_Sousa%2C_11-3-22_LOC_npcc.07285_%28crop%29.jpg)
Sousa began his career playing violin and studying music theory and composition under John Esputa and George Felix Benkert. His father enlisted him in the United States Marine Band as an apprentice in 1868. He left the band in 1875, and over the next five years he performed as a violinist and learned to conduct. In 1880 he rejoined the Marine Band, and he served there for 12 years as director, after which he organized his own band. From 1880 until his death, he focused exclusively on conducting and writing music. Sousa aided in the development of the sousaphone, a large brass instrument similar to the helicon and tuba.
Upon the outbreak of World War I, Sousa was awarded a wartime commission of lieutenant commander to lead the Naval Reserve Band in Illinois. He then returned to conduct the Sousa Band until his death in 1932. In the 1920s, he was promoted to the permanent rank of lieutenant commander in the naval reserve, but he never saw active service again. Provided by Wikipedia
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.
Published 1988
Published 1988
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.
Published 1923
Published 1923
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.
Published 1898
Published 1898
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.
Published 1896
Published 1896
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.
Published 1954
Published 1954
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.
Published 1918
Published 1918
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932,
Published 1896
Published 1896
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.
Published 1889
Published 1889
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.
Published 1890
Published 1890
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.
Published 1896
Published 1896
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by Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.
Published 1897
Published 1897
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