James Madison
James Madison (March 16, 1751June 28, 1836) was an American statesman, diplomat, and Founding Father who served as the fourth president of the United States from 1809 to 1817. Madison was popularly acclaimed the "Father of the Constitution" for his pivotal role in drafting and promoting the Constitution of the United States and the Bill of Rights.Madison was born into a prominent slave-owning planter family in Virginia. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates and the Continental Congress during and after the American Revolutionary War. Dissatisfied with the weak national government established by the Articles of Confederation, he helped organize the Constitutional Convention, which produced a new constitution designed to strengthen republican government against democratic assembly. Madison's Virginia Plan was the basis for the convention's deliberations. He became one of the leaders in the movement to ratify the Constitution and joined Alexander Hamilton and John Jay in writing ''The Federalist Papers'', a series of pro-ratification essays that remains prominent among works of political science in American history. Madison emerged as an important leader in the House of Representatives and was a close adviser to President George Washington. During the early 1790s, Madison opposed the economic program and the accompanying centralization of power favored by Secretary of the Treasury Hamilton. Alongside Thomas Jefferson, he organized the Democratic–Republican Party in opposition to Hamilton's Federalist Party. Madison served as Jefferson's Secretary of State from 1801 to 1809, during which time Jefferson made the Louisiana Purchase.
Madison was elected president in 1808. Motivated by desire to acquire land held by Britain, Spain, and Native Americans, and after diplomatic protests with a trade embargo failed to end British seizures of American shipped goods, Madison led the United States into the War of 1812. Although the war ended inconclusively, many Americans viewed it as a successful "second war of independence" against Britain. Madison was re-elected in 1812. The war convinced Madison of the necessity of a stronger federal government. He presided over the creation of the Second Bank of the United States and the enactment of the protective Tariff of 1816. By treaty or through war, Native American tribes ceded of land to the United States under Madison's presidency.
Retiring from public office at the end of his presidency in 1817, Madison returned to his plantation, Montpelier, and died there in 1836. Madison was a slave owner; he freed one slave in 1783 to prevent a slave rebellion at Montpelier, but did not free any in his will. Among historians, Madison is considered one of the most important Founding Fathers of the United States. Leading historians have generally ranked him as an above-average president, although they are critical of his endorsement of slavery and his leadership during the War of 1812. Madison's name is commemorated in many landmarks across the nation, with prominent examples including Madison Square Garden, James Madison University, the James Madison Memorial Building, and the . Provided by Wikipedia
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The mind of the founder: sources of the political thought of James Madison. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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The complete Madison : his basic writings / by Madison, James, 1751-1836
Published 1953Call Number: Loading…
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James Madison, 1751-1836; chronology, documents, bibliographical aids. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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The papers of James Madison. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
Published 1984Call Number: Loading…Freely available digital edition (National Archives, Founders online)
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The papers of James Madison. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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Calendar of the correspondence of James Madison. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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The Constitutional Convention : a narrative history from the notes of James Madison / by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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Papers. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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The James Madison papers by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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The writings of James Madison : comprising his public papers and his private correspondence, including numerous letters and documents now for the first time printed / by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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Message from the President of the U. States, recommending an immediate declaration of war against Great Britain. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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The Kentucky-Virginia resolutions, and Mr. Madison's report of 1799. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
Published 1960Call Number: Loading…CONNECT
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The papers of James Madison : purchased by order of Congress; being his correspondence and reports of debates during the Congress of the Confederation and his reports of debates in... by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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The Federal Convention and the formation of the Union of the American States / by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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An examination of the British doctrine which subjects to capture a neutral trade not open in time of peace. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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Letters of Helvidius : written in reply to Pacificus, on the president's proclamation of neutrality. : Published originally in the year 1793. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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A memorial and remonstrance, presented to the General Assembly of the state of Virginia, at their session in 1785 : in consequence of a bill brought into that Assembly for the esta... by Madison, James, 1751-1836
Published 1786Call Number: Loading…CONNECT
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Political observations. by Madison, James, 1751-1836
Published 1795Call Number: Loading…CONNECT
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Speech, in the House of Representatives of the Congress of the United States, delivered January 14, 1794 / by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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To the Honorable the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Virginia. A memorial and remonstrance. : We the subscribers, citizens of the said commonwealth, having taken into serio... by Madison, James, 1751-1836
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