Francis Lieber
Francis Lieber (18 March 1798 – 2 October 1872) was a Prussian-American jurist and political philosopher. He is most well known for the Lieber Code, the first codification of the customary law and the laws of war for battlefield conduct, which served a later basis for the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 and for the Geneva Conventions. He was also a pioneer in the fields of law, political science, and sociology in the United States.Born in Berlin, Prussia, to a Jewish merchant family, Lieber served in the Prussian Army during the Napoleonic Wars. He obtained a doctorate from the University of Jena in 1820. A republican, he volunteered to fight on the Greek side in the Greek War of Independence in 1821. After experiencing repression in Prussia for his political views, he migrated to the United States in 1827. During his early years in America, he worked a number of jobs, including swimming and gymnastics instructor, editor of the first editions of the ''Encyclopaedia Americana,'' journalist, and translator.
Lieber wrote a plan of education for the newly founded Girard College and lectured at New York University before becoming a tenured professor of history and political economy at the University of South Carolina in 1835. In 1857, he joined the faculty at Columbia University where he assumed the chair of history and political science in 1858. He transferred to Columbia Law School in 1865 where he taught until his death in 1872.
Lieber was commissioned by the U.S. Army to write the ''Instructions for the Government of the Armies of the United States in the Field'' (General Orders No. 100, 24 April 1863), the Lieber Code of military law that governed the battlefield conduct of the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–1865). The Lieber Code was the first codification of the customary law and the laws of war governing the battlefield conduct of an army in the field, and later was a basis for the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 and for the Geneva Conventions. Provided by Wikipedia
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A letter to Hon. E.D. Morgan, Senator of the United States, on the amendment of the constitution abolishing slavery ; Resolutions, passed by the New York Union League Club, concern... by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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On civil liberty and self-government / by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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On civil liberty and self-government / by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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The ancient and the modern teacher of politics : an introductory discourse to a course of lectures on the state : delivered on the 10th of October, 1859, in the Law School of Colum... by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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The character of the gentleman / by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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Essays on property and labour : as connected with natural law and the constitution of society / by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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Fragments of political science on nationalism and inter-nationalism / by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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Letter to His Excellency Patrick Noble, Governor of South Carolina, on the penitentiary system / by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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Notes on fallacies of American protectionists / by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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On international copyright, in a letter to the Hon. William C. Preston, senator of the United States / by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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This is a choice volume and by no means to be disposed of as mere old pamphlets by my heirs : J.W. Otis Esq, son of Harrison Gray Otis, sent me the Hartford Convention portion, thr... by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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Some truths worth remembering : given, as a recapitulation, in a farewell lecture to the class of political economy of 1849 / by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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What is our constitution-- league, pact, or government? : two lectures on the constitution of the United States concluding a course on the modern state, delivered in the Law School... by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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On civil liberty and self-government. by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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The miscellaneous writings of Francis Lieber. by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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Manual of political ethics, designed chiefly for the use of colleges and students at law. by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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Remarks on the relation between education and crime, in a letter to the Right Rev. William White ... by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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Letters to a gentleman in Germany, written after a trip from Philadelphia to Niagara. by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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Manual of political ethics, by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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The miscellaneous writings of Francis Lieber. by Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872
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