Pope John Paul II
Pope John Paul II (; ; ; born Karol Józef Wojtyła, ;.}} 18 May 19202 April 2005) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his death in 2005.In his youth, Wojtyła dabbled in stage acting. He graduated with excellent grades from an all-boys high school in Wadowice, Poland, in 1938, soon after which World War II broke out. During the war, to avoid being kidnapped and sent off to a German forced labour camp, he signed up for work in harsh conditions in a quarry. Wojtyła eventually took up acting and developed a love for the profession and participated at a local theatre. The linguistically skilled Wojtyła wanted to study Polish at university. Encouraged by a conversation with Adam Stefan Sapieha, he decided to study theology and become a priest. Eventually, Wojtyła rose to the position of Archbishop of Kraków and then a cardinal, both positions held by his mentor. Wojtyła was elected pope on the third day of the second papal conclave of 1978, and became one of the youngest popes in history. The conclave was called after the death of John Paul I, who served only 33 days as pope. Wojtyła adopted the name of his predecessor in tribute to him.
John Paul II was the first non-Italian pope since Adrian VI in the 16th century, as well as the third-longest-serving pope in history after Pius IX and St. Peter. John Paul II attempted to improve the Catholic Church's relations with Judaism, Islam, and the Eastern Orthodox Church in the spirit of ecumenism, holding atheism as the greatest threat. He maintained the Church's previous positions on such matters as abortion, artificial contraception, the ordination of women, and a celibate clergy, and although he supported the reforms of the Second Vatican Council, he was seen as generally conservative in their interpretation. He put emphasis on family and identity, while questioning consumerism, hedonism and the pursuit of wealth. He was one of the most travelled world leaders in history, visiting 129 countries during his pontificate. As part of his special emphasis on the universal call to holiness, John Paul II beatified 1,344 people, and canonised 483 saints, more than the combined tally of his predecessors during the preceding five centuries. By the time of his death, he had named most of the College of Cardinals, consecrated or co-consecrated many of the world's bishops, and ordained many priests.
He has been credited with fighting against dictatorships for democracy and with helping to end communist rule in his native Poland and the rest of Europe. Under John Paul II, the Catholic Church greatly expanded its influence in Africa and Latin America and retained its influence in Europe and the rest of the world. On 19 December 2009 John Paul II was proclaimed venerable by his successor, Benedict XVI, and on 1 May 2011 (Divine Mercy Sunday) he was beatified. On 27 April 2014 he was canonised together with John XXIII. He has been criticised for allegedly, as archbishop, having been insufficiently harsh in acting against the sexual abuse of children by priests in Poland, though the allegations themselves have been criticised. Posthumously he has been referred to by some Catholics as Pope St. John Paul the Great, though that title has no official recognition.
Under John Paul II, the two most important constitutions of the contemporary Catholic Church were drafted and put in force: the 1983 Code of Canon Law, which, among many things, began an effort to curb sexual abuse in the Catholic Church; and the ''Catechism of the Catholic Church'', which among other things clarified the Church's position on homosexuality. Provided by Wikipedia
Showing 1 - 19 results of 19 for search 'John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005', query time: 0.03s
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"Person and act" and related essays / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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The Lublin lectures and works on Max Scheler / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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The Lublin lectures and works on Max Scheler / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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Easter vigil and other poems / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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Sign of contradiction / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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The jeweler's shop : a meditation on the sacrament of matrimony passing on occasion into a drama / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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Sources of renewal : the implementation of the Second Vatican Council / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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Collected poems / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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The things of the spirit / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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"Be not afraid!" : John Paul II speaks out on his life, his beliefs, and his inspiring vision for humanity / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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Crossing the threshold of hope / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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Gift and mystery : on the fiftieth anniversary of my priestly ordination / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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Memory and identity : conversations at the dawn of a millennium / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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Rise, let us be on our way / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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Pope John Paul II speaks on women / by John Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005
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A fame et bello : for mezzo-soprano and orchestra : 2020/rev. 2021 / by Polaczyk, Jakub, 1983-
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Viva il Papa.
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Pope John Paul II at the United Nations.
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A twentieth-century collision : American intellectual culture and Pope John Paul II's idea of a university / by Collins, Peter M.
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