Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , also US: ; German: .}} (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German polymath, who is widely regarded as the greatest and most influential writer in the German language. His work has had a profound and wide-ranging influence on Western literary, political, and philosophical thought from the late 18th century to the present day. A poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, and critic, his works include plays, poetry and aesthetic criticism, as well as treatises on botany, anatomy, and color.Goethe took up residence in Weimar in November 1775 following the success of his first novel, ''The Sorrows of Young Werther'' (1774), and joined a thriving intellectual and cultural environment under the patronage of Duchess Anna Amalia that had already included Abel Seyler's theatre company and Christoph Martin Wieland, and that formed the basis of Weimar Classicism. He was ennobled by the Duke of Saxe-Weimar, Karl August, in 1782. Goethe was an early participant in the ''Sturm und Drang'' literary movement. During his first ten years in Weimar, Goethe became a member of the Duke's privy council (1776–1785), sat on the war and highway commissions, oversaw the reopening of silver mines in nearby Ilmenau, and implemented a series of administrative reforms at the University of Jena. He also contributed to the planning of Weimar's botanical park and the rebuilding of its Ducal Palace.}}
Goethe's first major scientific work, the ''Metamorphosis of Plants'', was published after he returned from a 1788 tour of Italy. In 1791 he was made managing director of the theatre at Weimar, and in 1794 he began a friendship with the dramatist, historian, and philosopher Friedrich Schiller, whose plays he premiered until Schiller's death in 1805. During this period Goethe published his second novel, ''Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship''; the verse epic ''Hermann and Dorothea'', and, in 1808, the first part of his most celebrated drama, ''Faust''. His conversations and various shared undertakings throughout the 1790s with Schiller, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Johann Gottfried Herder, Alexander von Humboldt, Wilhelm von Humboldt, and August and Friedrich Schlegel have come to be collectively termed Weimar Classicism. Due to their very close relationship many modern historians assume that Goethe and Schiller had a romantic and sexual affair.
The German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer named ''Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship'' one of the four greatest novels ever written,}} while the American philosopher and essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson selected Goethe as one of six "representative men" in his work of the same name (along with Plato, Emanuel Swedenborg, Montaigne, Napoleon, and Shakespeare). Goethe's comments and observations form the basis of several biographical works, notably Johann Peter Eckermann's ''Conversations with Goethe'' (1836). His poems were set to music by many composers including Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Berlioz, Liszt, Wagner, and Mahler. Provided by Wikipedia
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Goethe im Gespräch : ein Auswahl / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Goethes Ehe in Briefen / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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The sufferings of young Werther / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Faust : der Tragödie erster und zweiter Teil : Urfaust / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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The metamorphosis of plants / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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The Essential Goethe / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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The Essential Goethe / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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The Auto-Biography of Goethe : Truth and Poetry: From my Own Life. by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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The Auto-Biography of Goethe : Truth and Poetry: From my Own Life. by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Goethe's Theory of colours : translated from the German, with notes / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Poems of Goethe A Sequel to Goethe, the Lyrist / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Faust : a tragedy : parts one and two / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Fairest Faust : a new translation of Goethe's Faust / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Autobiography of Goethe : truth and poetry relating to my life / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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The metamorphosis of plants / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Faust, a tragedy. by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Faust. by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Faust I & II / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Essays on art and literature. by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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Goethe, Volume 9 Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship / by Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832
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